NEGOTIATING THE RULE OF LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN INTERFAITH MARRIAGE REGISTRATION IN CONTEMPORARY INDONESIA
PDF

Keywords

Marriage Registration
Interfaith Marriage
Human Rights
Fiqh

How to Cite

Salam, N., & Zaman, J. (2024). NEGOTIATING THE RULE OF LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN INTERFAITH MARRIAGE REGISTRATION IN CONTEMPORARY INDONESIA. Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 19(01), 117-145. https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2024.19.01.117-145

Abstract

The Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 2 of 2023, which prohibits the registration of interfaith marriages in Indonesia, aims to provide legal clarity following longstanding debates fueled by the abstract nature of existing norms. While the circular seeks to enforce uniformity in marriage regulations, it raises concerns regarding human rights, especially the rights to freedom, equality, and the pursuit of happiness, which are central to democratic governance. This article seeks to examine interfaith marriage registration by utilizing normative and human rights perspectives to explore its legal foundations and implications within Indonesia’s modern context. The analysis highlights tensions between national law and international human rights conventions, suggesting that interfaith marriage registration should be recognized as a legal right that upholds citizens’ freedoms, religious autonomy, and equality before the law. By situating interfaith marriage within Indonesia’s framework of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), legal statutes, and human rights conventions, this article highlights the importance of balancing legal uniformity with the protection of individual rights in a democratic, constitutional state.

https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2024.19.01.117-145
PDF

References

Abdullahi Ahmed An- Na’im. “Islam and Human Rights.” In John Witte, Jr and M. Christian Green (eds.), Religion and Human Rights: An Introduction. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.

Adil, Muhammad, and Syahril Jamil. “Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia: Polemics and Perspectives of Religious Leaders and Community Organization.” Religion and Human Rights 18, no. 1 (2023): 1–23.

Alhaidar, Nihrul Bahi, Muhammad Muhajir, and Syamsud Dhuha. “The Clouser of Isbat for Polygamous Marriage on Legal Purpose Perspective.” Al-Hukuma’: The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Family Law 13, no. 1 (2023): 1–26.

Asy-Syatibi, Abu Ishaq. Al-Muwafaqat Fi Ushul Al-Syariah. 2nd ed. Mesir: Dar Ibn Affan, 1998.

Asy’ari, and Triansyah Fisa. “Interfaith Marriage in Perspectives of Classical and Modern Scholars.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 16, no. 2 (2022): 287–300.

Daniela, Nadya Pratiwi, Agustin Hanapi, Muhammad Husnul, and Marjana Fahri. “The Granting of Family Card for Marriage in Banda City: Perspective of Islamic Family Law.” El-usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga 7, no. 1 (2024): 150–164.

Douglas, Benedict. “Love and Human Rights.” Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 43, no. 2 (2023): 273–297.

Fajar, Mukti N.D., and Yulianto Achmad. Dualisme Penelitian Hukum Normatif dan Empiris. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2010.

Fauzi. Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Fikih Kontemporer. Jakarta: Kencana, 2018.

Febrianty, Yenny, Sulastri, and Zulfiani. “Existence of Registered/Unregistered Marriage Clauses in Family Cards from a Family Law Perspective.” Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian 22, no. 3 (2023): 598–611.

Harwis, and Ahmad. “Registration of Marriage Book Perspective of Needs Level Theory Abraham Maslow and Syatibi.” Al-’Adl: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial 17, no. 1 (2024): 1–18.

Hidayat, Asep Syarifuddin. “Maladinistration in Indonesia’s Interreligious Marriage.” Jurnal Cita Hukum 11, no. 1 (2023): 1–20.

Huda, Misbahul, and Rahmat Dwi Putranto. “Interfaith Marriage in the Human Rights Perspective and the Compilation of Islamic Law.” Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum 21, no. 1 (2022): 1–8.

Ibrahim, Duski. Al-Qawaid Al-Maqashidiyah. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruzz Media, 2019.

Ibrahim, Johny. Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Malang: Banyumedia, 2007.

Indrayanti, Kadek Wiwik, Anak Agung Ayu Saraswati, and Eka Nugraha Putra. “Questioning Human Rights, Looking for Justice: Analiyzing the Impact of Supreme Court Circular Letter on Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia.” Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 9, no. 1 (2024): 385–416.

Indrayanti, Kadek Wiwik, Suhariningsih, Masruchin Ruba’i, and Nurini Aprilianda. “Judicial Implementations of the Legal Norm Void of Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia.” Brawijaya Law Journal 4, no. 1 (2017): 129–143.

Jatmiko, Bayu Dwi Widdy, Nur Putri Hidayah, and Samira Echaib. “Legal Status of Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia and Its Implications for Registration.” Journal of Human Rights, Cultur, and Legal System 2, no. 3 (2022): 167–177.

Judiasih, Sonny Dewi, Nazmina Asrimayasha, and Luh Putu Sudini. “Prohibitation of Intera Religion Marriage in Indonesia.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 19, no. 1 (2019): 186–203.

Kosasih, Ahmad. HAM dalam Perspektif Islam: Menyikapi Persamaan dan Perbedaan Antara Islam dan Barat. Jakarta: Salemba Diniyah, 2003.

Kubuj, Katarzyna. “The Role of General Clause of (Public) Morals Based on Selected European Court of Human Rights’ Judgement.” Bialystok Legal Studies 27, no. 4 (2022): 101–119.

Liambomba, Didier Yangonzele. “The Right of Access to Public Information: Human Rights Issues, Transparency and Good Governance.” Constitutionale 4, no. 1 (2023): 1–28.

Listyawati, Peni Rinda, Indah Setyowati, and Latifah Hanim. “Legal Analysis of the Rejection Registration Interfaith Marriages.” International journal of Law Reconstruction 4, no. 2 (2020): 110–123.

Lutfiyah, Khoirum. “Equality Before the Law Principle and Legal Aid for the Poor: An Indonesian Insight.” The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 3, no. 4 (2021): 517–536.

Madjid, Nurcholish. Fikih Lintas Agama: Membangun Masyarakat Inklusif-Pluralis. Jakarta: Yayasan Wakaf Paramadina, 2004.

Maula, Bani Syarif, and Ilyya Muhsin. “Interfaith Marriage and the Religion State Relationship: Debates between Human Rights Basis and Religious Precept.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam 8, no. 2 (2024): 791–820.

Maysun, Jannah Aishah. “Are Religious Beliefs Truly the Root Cause of Terrorism?” Journal of Global Faultlines 10, no. 2 (2023): 252–263.

Miqat, Murul, Muhammad Ikbal, Adfiyanti Fadjar, Ratu Ratna Korompot, Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar, and Adies S.P. Syamsuddin. “The Validity of Marriage Agreement Regarding Properties in Unregistered Marriages.” Yustisia Jurnal Hukum 10, no. 2 (2021): 291–305.

Mirza, M. Miraj, Rudi Natamiharja, and J.A. Magaldi Serna. “Social Transformation of International Human Rights Law Through Indonesian Constitutional Court.” Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law 4, no. 3 (2023): 439–471.

Mudzar, Mohammad Atho. Fikih Responsif. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2017.

Mudzhar, Mohammad Atho. Fatwa-Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (Sebuah Studi Tentang Pemikiran Hukum Islam di Indonesia 1975-1988). Jakarta: INIS, 1993.

Mulia, Muji. “Teori ’Asabiyyah Ibn Khaldun dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam 3, no. 2 (2019): 400–417.

Najib, Agus Moh. Pengembangan Metodologi Fikih Indonesia dan Kontribusinya Bagi Pembentukan Hukum Nasional. Jakarta: Kementerian Agama RI, 2011.

Nasution, Khoiruddin. Status Wanita di Asia Tenggara: Studi Terhadap Perundang-Undangan Perkawinan Muslim Kontemporer di Indonesia. Jakarta: INIS, 2002.

Nasution, Krisnadi. “Indonesian Judicial Power Post Amendment.” Mimbar Keadilan 13, no. 1 (2020): 85–95.

Noormansyah, Andra, and Umar Haris Sanjaya. “The Legal Vacuum of Interreligious Marriage in Indonesia: The Study of Judges’ Consideration in Interreligious Marriage Court Decisions 2010-2021.” Prophetic Law Review 4, no. 2 (2022): 177–194.

Nugroho, Sigit Sapto, Anik Tri Haryani, and Farkhani. Metodologi Riset Hukum. Karanganyar: Oase Pustaka, 2020.

Park, Jung Hoon. “Localised Impact on Islamic Political Mobilisation in Indonesia: Evidence from Three Sub-Provincial Units.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 54, no. 3 (2023): 450–479.

Purwadi, Wira, Mohamad Ali Akbar Djafar, Gilang Fatirah Densi, Anika Zaitun Tumiwa, and Arum Salsabila Yieputri Langkamane. “Application of the Principle of a Equality Before the Law to Law Enforcement for the Realization of Justice in Society.” Jurnal Legalitas 15, no. 1 (2022): 59–75.

Rahman, Fadhly Kharisma. “Marriage Registration As a Form of Maslahah Mursalah.” Maqashid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam 12, no. 2 (2023): 33–45.

Rajafi, Ahmad, Arif Sugitanata, and Vinna Lusiana. “The ‘Double Faced’ Legal Expression: Dynamics and Legal Loopholes in Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia.” Journal of Islamic Law 5, no. 1 (2024): 19–43.

Riyadi, Eko. Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia Perspektif Internasional, Regional, Dan Nasional. Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2018.

Rofiah, Nur, and Imam Nahe’i. Kajian Tentang Hukum dan Penghukuman dalam Islam. Jakarta: Komnas Perempuan, 2016.

Rosyadi, Imron. Rekonstruksi Epistemologi Hukum Keluarga Islam. Jakarta: Kencana, 2019.

Rosyadi, Imron, and Aisyah Kahar. “Analysis of Legal Certainty Aspect in Indonesian Marriage Registration Rule.” Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 12, no. 3 (2023): 469–488.

Sanjaya, Umar Haris. “Interpretation of Interfaith and/or Belief Marriage by Judges: Disparity and Legal Vacuum.” Jurnal Konstitusi 20, no. 3 (2023): 536–555.

Sidqi, Imaro, and Mhd. Rasidin. “Prohibition of Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia: A Study of Constitutional Court Decision Number 24/PUU-XX/2022.” Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah 21, no. 1 (2023): 154–172.

Suhadi. Kawin Lintas Agama Perspektif Kritik Nalar Islam. Yogyakarta: LKiS, 2006.

Sujiman, Zubaidi. “Interfaith Marriage Perspective of Positive Law and Islamic Law in Indonesia.” Yudisia: Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum dan Hukum Islam 15, no. 1 (2024): 125–136.

Suratman, and H. Philips Dillah. Metode Penelitian Hukum. Bandung: Penerbit Alfabeta, 2013.

Suwarjin. “Interfaith Marriage: Between Pro and Contra in Islamic Jurist’s Thought.” Madani 27, no. 1 (2023): 79–92.

Suwondo, Denny. “The Legal Protection of Personal Data in the Perspective of Human Rights.” Law Development Journal 5, no. 4 (2023): 419–429.

Syarifuddin, Amir. Hukum Perkawinan Islam di Indonesia: Antara Fiqh Munakahat dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan. Jakarta: Kencana, 2009.

Usman, Anwar. Independensi Kekuasaan Kehakiman: Bentuk-Bentuk dan Relevansinya Bagi Penegak Hukum dan Keadilan di Indonesia. Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2020.

Wahyuni, Sri, Resti Dian Luthviati, Muhammad Jihadul Hayat, and Utkarsh K. Mishra. “The Registration Policy of Interfaith Marriage Overseas for Indonesian Citizen.” Bestuur 10, no. 1 (2022): 12–21.

Yasin, Noer, Musataklima, and Ahmad Wahidi. “Interlegality of Interfaith Marriages Vis a Vis Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 2 of 2023 on the Rejection of Applications for Registration of Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia.” Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 23, no. 4 (2023): 389–402.

Creative Commons License

Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Licensing
Copyright © The Author(s). Published by Pascasarjana, Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah State Islamic University Tulungagung, Indonesia.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0.